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Earth-observation satellites in orbit now, at true altitude · orbital data CelesTrak

Timeline

How We Learned
We Live on a Planet

Not the history of a movement. The history of a realisation — that we live on a finite world we are transforming, and that its habitability is ours to lose. It is older than environmentalism, it has been reached and forgotten many times, and it is still incomplete.

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On the evidence

What the colours mean

Every event is coded against six relational framings — sacredness and kinship, beauty and wonder, threat, utility and mastery, care and responsibility, loss and vulnerability. These are framings, not sentiments. “The forest is disappearing and we must save it” uses negative language and expresses care; “we triumphantly cleared the wilderness” sounds positive and expresses mastery. A sentiment score would reverse both readings.

Relational framings by period, in this corpus Each bar divides a period's events by the framing they are coded to; the figure inside a segment is a count of events, and n is the period's total. Periods follow the band's current periodisation (). This describes the curated set of milestones on this page and nothing wider.

    What this is not

    The frame mix over time describes this corpus — a curated set of documented milestones — and nothing wider. It is not a sample of surviving literature, and it must not be read as a measure of what any culture thought at the time. A genuine measure of nature in the cultural record would require corpus sampling, human coders, and reported inter-rater reliability, per period and per language. That is a research programme, and it is not what you are looking at.

    Uneven by construction

    Coverage before 1500 depends on what institutions chose to copy: Greek drama and philosophy survived because they were copied, Roman agricultural writing because it was useful, the medieval record because monasteries kept it. The corpus below 1800 leans Mediterranean and European, which is a fact about the surviving record and about who has so far assembled it, not about where people noticed. Region is recorded on every event so the imbalance stays visible — colour by Region to see it directly.

    Sources

    Every event carries at least one primary or authoritative reference — a UN document, a DOI, or an archival text — reachable from its panel. Where a date is conventional rather than exact, the panel says so.